Hudson river dredging field data2/10/2024 ![]() ![]() ![]() But experiments face logistical limits to their size and duration, and manipulated variables may poorly mimic natural changes or cause unwanted side effects 1, 2. In contrast, experiments can directly test responses to a given factor (for example, a manipulated climate variable) and isolate the effects of individual factors that often correlate with others in real-world settings. Observations have the advantage of being able to cover large areas and long time periods, but the links between ecosystem processes and climatic conditions are only correlational. To assess how climatic changes will affect ecosystems, field researchers commonly use one of two approaches: in situ observations or manipulative experiments. Nature Ecology & Evolution volume 6, pages 540–545 ( 2022) Cite this article Field experiments underestimate aboveground biomass response to drought ![]()
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